Bibliography

Alesch, Daniel J. and L. A. Dougharty, “Economies-of-Scale Analysis in State and Local Government,” Santa Monica, CA, RAND Corporation, 1971. Accessed February 10, 2022. https://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R0748.html.

Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR). “ASPR Program Office for Innovation and Industrial Base Expansion (IBx).” Accessed January 3, 2022. https://www.phe.gov/about/offices/program/icc/sppr/apo-ibx/Pages/default.aspx.

ASPR. “COVID-19 Therapeutics.” Accessed January 28, 2022. https://aspr.hhs.gov/COVID-19/Therapeutics/Pages/default.aspx.  

Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). “BARDA and HHS to host National Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Consortium (BioMaC) Industry Day.” Updated January 12, 2022. https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/newsroom/2022/biomac/.

BARDA. “BARDA-NIOSH Mask Innovation Challenge Selects 10 Winning Concepts for $10,000 Phase 1 Prizes.”July 2, 2021. https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/stories/maskchallenge/.

BARDA. “BioMaP Consortia RFI Final Document.” October 21, 2021. https://www.medicalcountermeasures.gov/media/38403/barda-rfi-biomap-consortium.pdf.

BARDA. “Mask Innovation Challenge: Phase 2.” Accessed January 5, 2022. https://drive.hhs.gov/mask-innovation-challange.html.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). “COVID-19 Vaccinations in the United States.” COVID Data Tracker. Accessed January 5, 2022. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#vaccinations_vacc-total-admin-rate-total.

CDC. “Personal Protective Equipment.” The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Accessed January 3, 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ppe/default.html.

Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency. “Defense Industrial Base Sector.” Critical Infrastructure Sectors. Accessed February 16, 2022. https://www.cisa.gov/defense-industrial-base-sector#:~:text=The%20Defense%20Industrial%20Base%20Sector,to%20meet%20U.S.%20military%20requirements.

Defense Production Act of 1950, 50 U.S. Code § 4552 (14), https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/4552.

Department of Defense. “Defense Production Act (DPA) Title III.” The Office of Industrial Policy. Accessed January 24, 2022. https://www.businessdefense.gov/Programs/DPA-Title-III/.  

Department of Defense, Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Homeland Security, Department of Veterans Affairs. National Strategy for a Resilient Public Health Supply Chain. July 2021. https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/legal/Documents/National-Strategy-for-Resilient-Public-Health-Supply-Chain.pdf.  

Executive Office of the President. “A Sustainable Public Health Supply Chain.” Executive Order No. 14001 of January 21, 2021, 86 Fed. Reg. 7219 (January 21, 2021). https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/01/26/2021-01865/a-sustainable-public-health-supply-chain.

Executive Office of the President. “Ensuring the Future Is Made in All of America by All of America’s Workers.” Executive Order No. 14005 of January 25, 2021, 86 Fed. Reg. 7475 (January 25, 2021). https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/01/28/2021-02038/ensuring-the-future-is-made-in-all-of-america-by-all-of-americas-workers.

Executive Office of the President. “America’s Supply Chains.” Executive Order No. 14017 of February 24, 2021, 86 Fed. Reg. 11849 (February 24, 2021). https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/03/01/2021-04280/americas-supply-chains.

Federal Emergency Management Agency. “Defense Production Act Authorities.” Defense Production Act. Updated July 6, 2021. https://www.fema.gov/disaster/defense-production-act/dpa-authorities. 

Food and Drug Administration. “FDA’s Budget: Medical Device Supply Chain and Shortages Prevention Program.” Current as of July 21, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/fda-voices/fdas-budget-medical-device-supply-chain-and-shortages-prevention-program#:~:text=The%20FDA%20recognizes%20that%20this,and%20Radiological%20Health%20(CDRH).

FDA. “FDA Publishes List of Essential Medicines, Medical Countermeasures, Critical Inputs Required by Executive Order.” Current as of November 9, 2020. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-publishes-list-essential-medicines-medical-countermeasures-critical-inputs-required-executive.

FDA. “In Vitro Diagnostics EUAs.” Updated November 15, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/in-vitro-diagnostics-euas.

Kaiser Family Foundation. “U.S. International COVID-19 Vaccine Donations Tracker.” Accessed January 5, 2022. https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/u-s-international-covid-19-vaccine-donations-tracker/.

Liu, Fang, Jing-Sheng Song, and Jordan D. Tong. “Building Supply Chain Resilience through Virtual Stockpile Pooling.” Production and Operations Management 25, no. 10 (2016): 1745-1762. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.12573. 

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). “Security of America’s Medical Product Supply Chain - Committee Meeting 2 and Public Workshop.” December 1-3, 2020.https://www.nationalacademies.org/event/12-01-2020/security-of-americas-medical-product-supply-chain-committee-meeting-2-and-public-workshop.

NASEM. “Security of America’s Medical Product Supply Chain.” 2021. https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/security-of-americas-medical-product-supply-chain.

National Institutes of Health (NIH). “NIH Clinical Center.” Accessed February 16, 2022. https://clinicalcenter.nih.gov/.

NIH. “Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx).” Accessed February 14, 2022. https://www.nih.gov/research-training/medical-research-initiatives/radx.

Sarata, Amanda K. and Simi V. Siddalingaiah. “COVID-19 Testing Supply Chain,” Congressional Research Service, February 25, 2021. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11774.

The Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. § 247d–6a(a)(2), https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/247d-6a. 

The Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. § 247d–6b(c)(1)(B), https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/247d-6b.  

The Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. § 247d–6d(i)(7), https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/247d-6d. 

The White House. “American Pandemic Preparedness: Transforming Our Capabilities.” September 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/American-Pandemic-Preparedness-Transforming-Our-Capabilities-Final-For-Web.pdf?page=29.

The White House. Building Resilient Supply Chains, Revitalizing American Manufacturing, and Fostering Broad-Based Growth. June 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/100-day-supply-chain-review-report.pdf.

The White House. “President Biden Announces New Actions to Protect Americans Against the Delta and Omicron Variants as We Battle COVID-⁠19 this Winter.” December 2, 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/12/02/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-new-actions-to-protect-americans-against-the-delta-and-omicron-variants-as-we-battle-covid-19-this-winter/.

U.S. Congress, House of Representatives. “Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.” HR 3864, 117th Congress, 1st sess.," November 15, 2021. https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3684/text.

U.S. Congress, House of Representatives. “National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022.” HR 4350, 117th Congress, 1st sess.,” December 2, 2021. https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/4350/text.

U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, Addressing New Variants: A Federal Perspective on the COVID-19 Response: Hearing before the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor & Pensions, Testimony of Janet Woodcock, 117th Cong., 2nd sess., (2022). January 11, 2022. https://www.help.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Woodcock7.pdf.